Home
/
News & Blog
26 Jan
776

Children Vaccination/Immunization

Vaccinations not only protect your child from deadly diseases, such as polio, tetanus, and diphtheria, but they also keep other children safe by eliminating or greatly decreasing dangerous diseases that used to spread from child to child.
Vaccinating children against diseases helps protect our community’s and our children’s health, and are considered a high priority.

  • Immunization Programme in India was introduced in 1978 as Expanded Programme of Immunization (EPI)
  • The programme gained momentum in 1985 and was expanded as Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) to be implemented in phased manner to cover all districts in the country by 1989-90.

In India, currently two kinds of immunization schedules are available.

National Immunization Schedule

 One, which is called as National Immunization Schedule (NIS), given by the Government, free of cost, all over the country. This includes the bare minimum vaccines which every child in India must receive, keeping public health as a focus. National Technical Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (NITAG) advises government about use of available vaccines in NIS. While preparing an immunization schedule for such a large country, they consider various factors such as cost involved, delivery chain feasibility, availability of vaccines, etc.

Indian Academy of Pediatrics Immunization Schedule

Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) Immunization Schedule. This also include many additional vaccines too, which are needed and are available in the country, but not yet a part of NIS. Advisory Committee of Experts on Vaccines and Immunization Practices (ACVIP) is the highest body of IAP for preparing and regularly updating this schedule. IAP immunization schedule is currently the best possible immunization schedule available in India for keeping an individual child as focus, irrespective of cost involved. Information about these two immunization schedules (which is being regularly updated) can be obtained from their respective websites, which are being regularly updated (www. mohfw.gov.in; www.acvip.com). As a parent, you are expected to know about these immunization schedules, so that you could take the best possible decision for your child immunization. Timely vaccination will go a long way in protecting your child from various deadly diseases existing in community. You are expected to follow your country specific immunization schedule, wherever you live.

Vaccines are given in such way that the vaccination precedes the age at which a disease occurs. Vaccination being an essential need for every child, must be started immediately after birth. The current immunization schedules, both National Immunization Schedule (NIS) and IAP Immunization Schedules, have been summarized in Tables 1 and 2, respectively.

TABLE 1

National Immunization Schedule 

Vaccine 

When to give 

Dose 

Route

Site

For Infants 

BCG 

At birth or as early as possible till one year of age 

0.1ml  (0.05ml until 1 month of age) 

Intra -dermal

Left Upper Arm

Hepatitis B Birth dose 

At birth or as early as possible within 24 hours 

0.5 ml 

Intramuscular

Anterolateral side of mid thigh-LEFT

OPV Birth dose 

At birth or as early as possible within the first 15 days 

2 drops 

Oral

-

OPV 1,2 & 3 

 At 6 weeks, 10 weeks & 14 weeks 

2 drops 

Oral

-

IPV (inactivated Polio Vaccine)

 14 weeks 

0.5 ml 

Intramuscular

Anterolateral side of mid thigh-RIGHT

Pentavelant  1,2 & 3 

 At 6 weeks, 10 weeks & 14 weeks 

0.5 ml 

Intramuscular

Anterolateral side of mid thigh-LEFT

Rota Virus Vaccine

 At 6 weeks, 10 weeks & 14 weeks 

5 drops 

Oral

-

Measles 1st Dose 

9 completed months-12 months. (give up to 5 years if not received at 9-12 months age) 

0.5 ml 

Subcutaneous

Right Upper Arm

Vitamin A, 1st Dose 

At 9 months with measles 

1 ml  (1 lakh IU) 

Oral

-

For children

DPT 1st  booster 

16-24 months 

0.5 ml 

Intramuscular

Anterolateral side of mid thigh-LEFT

OPV Booster 

16-24 months 

2 drops 

Oral

 

Measles 2nd  dose 

16-24 Months 

0.5 ml 

Subcutaneous

Right Upper Arm

Vitamin A  (2nd to 9th dose) 

16 months with DPT/OPV booster, then, one dose every 6 month up to the age of 5 years) 

2 ml  (2 lakh IU) 

Oral

-

DPT 2nd Booster 

5-6 years 

0.5 ml. 

Intramuscular

Left Upper Arm

TT 

10 years & 16 years 

0.5 ml 

Intramuscular

Upper Arm

 

TABLE 2 

IAP Immunization Timetable 2014

IAP recommended vaccines for routine use

Age (completed wks/mo/y)

Vaccines

Comments

Birth

BCG

Administer these vaccines to all newborns before hospital discharge
 

OPV 0

  
 

Hep-B 1

  

6 weeks

DTwP 1

DTP:
 

IPV 1

• DTaP vaccine/combinations should preferably be avoided for the primary series
 

Hep-B 2
Hib 1

• DTaP vaccine/combinations should be preferred in  certain specific circumstances/conditions only
 

Rotavirus 1

  
 

PCV 1

• No need of repeating/giving additional doses of whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccine to a child who has earlier completed their primary schedule with acellular pertussis (aP) vaccine-containing products
   

Polio:
   

• All doses of IPV may be replaced with OPV if administration of the former is not feasible
   

• Additional doses of OPV on all supplementary immunization activities (SIAs)
   

• Two doses of IPV instead of 3 for primary series if started at 8 weeks, and 8 weeks interval between the doses
   

• No child should leave the facility without polio immunization (IPV or OPV), if indicated by the schedule
   

Rotavirus: 
   

• 2 doses of RV1 and 3 doses of RV5
   

• RV1 should be employed in 10 and 14 week schedule, instead of  6 and 10 week
   

• 10 and 14 week schedule of RV1 is found to be far more immunogenic than existing 6 and 10 week schedule

10 weeks

DTwP 2

Rotavirus:
 

IPV 2

• If RV1 is chosen, the first dose should be given at 10 weeks
 

Hib 2

  
 

Rotavirus 2

  
 

PCV 2

 

14 weeks

DTwP 3

Rotavirus:
 

IPV 3

• Only 2 doses of RV1 are recommended at present
 

Hib 3

• If RV1 is chosen, the 2nd dose should be given at 14 weeks
 

Rotavirus 3

  
 

PCV 3

  

6 months

OPV 1

Hepatitis-B:
 

Hep-B 3

• The final (third or fourth) dose in the HepB vaccine series should be administered no earlier than age 24 weeks and at least 16 weeks after the first dose

9 months

OPV 2

MMR:
 

MMR-1

• Measles-containing vaccine ideally should not be administered before completing 270 days or 9 months of life
   

• The 2nd dose must follow in 2nd year of life
   

• No need to give stand-alone measles vaccine
   

Typhoid:

9-12 months

Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine

• Currently, two typhoid conjugate vaccines, Typbar-TCV and PedaTyph available in Indian market
   

• PedaTyph is not yet approved; the recommendation is  applicable to Typbar-TCV only
   

• An interval of at least 4 weeks with the MMR vaccine should be maintained while administering this vaccine
   

• Should follow a booster at 2 years of age

12 months

Hep-A 1

Hepatitis A:
   

• Single dose for live attenuated H2-strain Hep-A vaccine
   

• Two doses for all killed Hep-A vaccines are recommended now

15 months

MMR 2

MMR:
 

Varicella 1

• The 2nd dose must follow in 2nd year of life
 

PCV booster

• However, it can be given at anytime 4-8 weeks after the 1st dose during 2nd year

16 to 18 months

DTwP B1/DTaP B1

Varicella:
 

IPV B1, Hib B1

• The risk of breakthrough varicella is lower if given 15 months onwards

 

 

• The first booster (4th dose) may be administered as early as age 12 months, provided at least 6 months have elapsed since the third dose.
   

DTP:
   

• First and second boosters should preferably be of DTwP
   

• Considering a higher reactogenicity of DTwP, DTaP can be considered for the boosters

18 months

Hep-A 2

• 2nd dose for killed vaccines; only single dose for live attenuated H2- strain vaccine

2 years

Typhoid booster

• Either Typbar-TCV® or Vi-polysaccharide (Vi-PS) can be employed as booster;
   

• Typhoid revaccination every 3 years, if Vi-polysaccharide vaccine is used
   

• Need of revaccination following a booster of Typbar-TCV® not yet determined

4  to 6 years

DTwP B2/DTaP B2

Varicella:
 

OPV 3 Varicella 2

• 2nd dose can be given at anytime 3 months after the 1st dose
 

Typhoid booster

 

10 to 12 years

Tdap/Td

Tdap:
 

HPV

• Tdap is preferred to Td followed by Td every 10 years
   

HPV:
   

• Only 2 doses of either of the two HPV vaccines for adolescent/pre-adolescent girls aged 9-14 years
   

• For girls 15 years and older, and immunocompromised individuals 3 doses are recommended
   

• For two-dose schedule, the minimum interval between doses should be 6 months.
   

• For 3 dose schedule, the doses can be administered at 0, 1-2 (depending on brands) and 6 months

 

II. IAP recommended vaccines for High-risk* children (Vaccines under special circumstances)

1-Influenza Vaccine

2-Meningococcal Vaccine

3-Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine

4-Cholera Vaccine

5-Rabies Vaccine

6-Yellow Fever Vaccine

7-Pneumococcal Polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV 23)

* High-risk category of children:  Congenital or acquired immunodeficiency (including HIV infection); Chronic cardiac, pulmonary (including asthma if treated with prolonged high-dose oral corticosteroids), hematologic, renal (including nephrotic syndrome) and liver disease; Children on long term steroids, salicylates, immunosuppressive or radiation therapy; Diabetes mellitus, Cerebrospinal fluid leak, Cochlear implant, Malignancies; Children with functional/ anatomic asplenia/ hyposplenia; During disease outbreaks; Laboratory personnel and healthcare workers; Travelers; Children having pets in home; Children perceived with higher threat of being bitten by dogs such as hostellers, risk of stray dog menace while going outdoor.

 



submit to reddit

COMMENTS (23)

  • - XNypguDlEVw

    ZoUaYcAOBm

  • - xAkpQwBtmIivWL

    huSRJlxcYTgpd

  • - hnEkHSaJsLCX

    TygckfmhSV

  • - peUdQlkSt

    lxLwVpoOZyiU

  • - NZjryogfpRAHaJMt

    dZXmrOpQzgAE

  • - EaPJnNlzdQw

    zdDmOwHVBbYtqCW

  • - sSOTvUQZlbnJIKze

    EWhbmJPSLDpQ

  • - qIvReWNjQkl

    LNGWljEZyCe

  • - UxNzjuEBKPRg

    OlCtdfiT

  • - lfSnDckMorwtLUKX

    VveqNkDuaBYfwL

  • - Faisal Momin

    MaaSha Allah... Dr. Parvez Ansari k hath me Allah ne shifa rakhi hai aur dusre Doctors ki tarah Daaku nahi h... Bill affordable banaate h

  • - IoPzOYBepQLTtrS

    gSPwMmTQLlYifIU

  • - IcBdyNawqZejVGJ

    dqZXGEjYxfOLpsNF

  • - ijbqMyuIVUZG

    RWLGjYOAVc

  • - mMVxbAhJjTkUH

    UoHsXgqfjIOhK

  • - wZJlhTMicFVE

    SEGoQKqim

  • - oTfZpHVqsB

    PieVhRldtkbaqY

  • - 온라인카지노 https://internetgame.me 카지노베이

    바카라필승전략 바카라사이트 밀리언카지노 카지노사이트주소 포텐슬롯 오공슬롯 온라인카지노 포텐슬롯주소 https://internetgame.me 카심바슬롯 로얄카지노쿠폰 바카라사이트추천 생방송카지노 바카라배팅노하우 바카라사이트주소 카지노사이트추천 포텐슬롯 온라인카지노 바카라이기는방법포텐슬롯주소 밀리언카지노 마카오카지노 카심바코리아 식보게임사이트 바카라검증사이트 메리트카지노먹튀 바카라검증사이트 포텐슬롯 스피드바카라 카지노다이사이 슬롯머신사이트 mongoangulam998 007카지노 카지노사이트 바카라배팅법바카라잘하는법 얀카지노 바카라사이트필리핀카지노 https://internetgame.me 탑슬롯 인터넷룰렛 퍼스트카지노 더킹카지노 바카라사이트 더킹카지노먹튀 인터넷룰렛 실시간카지노 온라인바카라게임 포텐슬롯 mongoangulam998 바카라필승전략 바카라사이트주소 바카라배팅전략 온라인카지노 https://internetgame.me 카지노베이 온라인바카라 카심바슬롯 카지노추천 포텐슬롯사이트 바카라배팅전략 스피드바카라 포텐슬롯주소 카지노사이트추천 카지노사이트 바카라규칙 바카라시스템배팅 바카라검증사이트 샌즈카지노 카지노룰렛 슬롯사이트 카지노사이트 오공슬롯 인터넷슬롯머신 메이저카지노 바카라승률 샌즈카지노먹튀 포텐슬롯 바카라마틴배팅 오공슬롯 바카라전략슈 온라인카지노 포텐슬롯 mongoangulam998 탑슬롯먹튀 온라인카지노 https://internetgame.me 카지노베이 카심바슬롯 올벳게이밍 바카라사이트 맥스카지노주소 헤븐카지노 오카다카지노 얀카지노 타이산게이밍 포텐슬롯사이트 온라인바카라 바카라검증사이트 카지노슬롯사이트 아시아게이밍 온라인카지노슬롯머신 맥스카지노주소 카지노 007카지노 카심바슬롯 온라인바카라 ぅきたずの 바카라게임사이트 솔카지노 とくされびんずゆへく

  • - https://www.gamja888.com/ - 식보게임 주소

    https://www.gamja888.com/ - 온라인카지노 카지노게임사이트 온라인바카라 바카라사이트 Gamja888 https://gamja888.com/onlinebaccarat/ - 온라인바카라 https://gamja888.com/millionclubcasino/ - 밀리언클럽카지노 https://gamja888.com/safecasinosite/ - 안전카지노사이트 https://gamja888.com/baccaratsiterecommendation/ - 바카라사이트추천 https://gamja888.com/ourcasino/ - 우리카지노계열 https://gamja888.com/slotmachine777/ - 슬롯머신777 https://gamja888.com/royalcasinosite/ - 로얄카지노사이트 https://gamja888.com/crazyslot/ - 크레이지슬롯 https://gamja888.com/onlineblackjack/ - 온라인블랙잭 https://gamja888.com/internetroulette/ - 인터넷룰렛 https://gamja888.com/casinoverificationsite/ - 카지노검증사이트 https://gamja888.com/safebaccaratsite/ - 안전바카라사이트 https://gamja888.com/mobilebaccarat/ - 모바일바카라 https://gamja888.com/howtowin-baccarat/ - 바카라 필승법 https://gamja888.com/meritcasino/ - 메리트카지노 https://gamja888.com/baccarat-howto/ - 바카라 노하우 navercom.me facebookcom.me

  • - iFOhuZlIUBM

    waIVqBHWCjAGvtl

  • - LibADBzZVxcw

    BSAMtdsKxy

  • - NGywspDjQ

    LqosmyNKvB

  • - lTmoMuabK

    CHnkSebqY

Recent Post

Leave a Comment

© 2018 AllianzHospital. All rights reserved